Show search filters Registry number Order/Decision reference Type - Any -OrderDecision Type of action - Any -Access To CaseAcknowledgeReferralAction against the decision of the EPO (RoP88)Action against the decision of the EPO (RoP97)Add Missing PartyAmend DocumentAppeal 237Appeal 381Appeal RoP220.1Appeal RoP220.2Application Cease Be Rep R 294Application for a review of the Registrar's decisionApplication for an Order for expedition of an appeal (RoP225(e))Application for an Order for inspection pursuant to RoP199Application for an Order to freez assets pursuant to RoP200Application for legal aidApplication for preserving evidence pursuant to RoP192Application for provisional measuresApplication for registration as a Representative before the UPC (RoP286)Application Rop 223Application Rop 33Application Rop 333Application Rop106Application Rop262 3Application RoP262-2Application RoP262.1 (b)Application RoP262AApplication Rop305Application Rop313Application RoP379AApplication to amend a patentApplication to challenge a decision that an appeal is inadmissible (RoP234)Application to change a representative (RoP293)Application to leave to appeal a cost decision (RoP221)Application to request confidentiality from the public in the respect of a document lodged by other party (RoP262.2)ApplicationRoP322BifurcationCase ClosureChange Details Of Representatives ApplicationChange Smart CardCompensation for licensesCorrection of an opt-outCorrection of withdrawal of an opt-outCounterclaim for infringementCounterclaim for revocationDecision By DefaultDeclaration of Non-InfringementDefault DecisionDetermination of damages and compensationDisjoinder (RoP340.2)Document AnonymisationEPO case AccelerationEPO CasesEPO request to comment (RoP88)Expert Report To Rop185 8Extend Protective LetterGeneric applicationGeneric OrderGive Users Access To DocumentsHeadnoteMainHearingInfringement ActionInterlocutory revision by the EPOJoin CaseLost Smart CardManage Expert Report Confidentiality OrderManage panelNotice of intention to enforce (RoP118.8)Opt-outOrder 185_5Order Communicate InformationOrder RoP 322Order Rop 34Order with groundsOrder340_1Order340_2Party to be addedParty to be deletedParty to be substitutedPetition for review of Registrar's decisionPreliminary objectionProcedural OrderProcedure to appoint a court expert (RoP185)Procedure to appoint an expert to prepare a report on the execution of mesures (RoP196.4)Protective LetterRefer To Full CourtRegenerate DocumentRegister Physical EvidenceRemoval of representativeRemoval OptoutRemoval WithdrawalRemove ConfidentialityRequest Expert Report ConfidentialityRequest for a discretionary review (RoP 220.3)Request for an Order for no translationRequest for the withdrawl of legal aidRequest Rop115Request to review an order ex-parteRequest to revoke an Order for preliminary measures (RoP198 and RoP213)Request To The Registrar 37 1Restart Automatic ProcedureRevocation ActionRoP381.1 Order of the judge's own motion for the withdrawl of legal aidRoP97.5 Appeal against a decision of the standing judge in connection with a request for unitary effectRule 264 OrderSignupSimultaneous InterpretationSubstitute RepresentativeTranslation Of Amend ApplicationUpload Intervener PleadingUpload New Redacted DocumentUrgent Order Without FormalitiesWithdrawal (RoP265)Withdrawal of an opt-outWithdrawal of an opt-out pursuant to RoP5.9 Party name Court Show AllCourt of Appeal, LuxembourgCentral Divisions of the Court of First InstanceLocal Divisions of the Court of First InstanceRegional Divisions of the Court of First Instance Division Luxembourg (LU) Division Paris (FR) Central Division - SeatMunich (DE) Central Division - SectionMilan (IT) Central Division- Section Division Brussels (BE) Local DivisionCopenhagen (DK) Local DivisionDüsseldorf (DE) Local DivisionHamburg (DE) Local DivisionHelsinki (FI) Local DivisionLisbon (PT) Local DivisionLjubljana (SI) Local DivisionMannheim (DE) Local DivisionMilan (IT) Local DivisionMunich (DE) Local DivisionParis (FR) Local DivisionThe Hague (NL) Local DivisionVienna (AT) Local Division Division Nordic Baltic Regional Division Keywords Headnotes Language of Proceedings - Any -EnglishFrenchGermanDanishDutchFinnishItalianPortugueseSlovenianSwedish Date from Date to - Any -Luxembourg (LU)Nordic Baltic Regional DivisionParis (FR) Central Division - SeatMunich (DE) Central Division - SectionMilan (IT) Central Division- SectionStockholm (SE) - Seat of the Regional DivisionRiga (LV) - Place of hearing of the Regional DivisionTallinn (EE) - Place of hearing of the Regional DivisionVilnius (LT) - Place of hearing of the Regional DivisionBrussels (BE) Local DivisionCopenhagen (DK) Local DivisionDüsseldorf (DE) Local DivisionHamburg (DE) Local DivisionHelsinki (FI) Local DivisionLisbon (PT) Local DivisionLjubljana (SI) Local DivisionMannheim (DE) Local DivisionMilan (IT) Local DivisionMunich (DE) Local DivisionParis (FR) Local DivisionThe Hague (NL) Local DivisionVienna (AT) Local DivisionLisbon (PT) Patent Mediation and Arbitration CentreLjubljana (SI) Patent Mediation and Arbitration CentreBudapest (HU) Training Centre Order Parties: Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Sanofi-Aventis Groupe S.A., Sanofi Winthrop Industrie S.A., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Amgen, Inc. Case number: UPC_CoA_320/2023 Registry number: APL_572929/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_580110/2023 Type of action(s): Appeal RoP220.2 Court - Division: Court of Appeal - Luxembourg (LU) Language of Proceedings: German Date: 13 October, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Nach Regel 271 VerfO kann eine Klageschrift, auch we ... Keywords: Zustellung der Klageschrift ohne in Bezug genommene ode ... Read more Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HELIOS K.K, RIKEN Case number: UPC_CFI_80/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_579545/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 11 October, 2023 Headnotes: Parties are under an obligation to use the CMS and the ... Keywords: Rule 4.1 RoP. Case Management System (CMS), service of ... Read more Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HELIOS K.K, RIKEN, OSAKA UNIVERSITY Case number: UPC_CFI_75/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_579543/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 11 October, 2023 Headnotes: Parties are under an obligation to use the CMS and the ... Keywords: Rule 4.1 RoP. Case Management System (CMS), service of ... Read more Order Parties: NanoString Technologies Inc. v. 10xGenomics, Inc. / President and Fellows of Harvard College Case number: UPC_CFI 357/2023 Registry number: ACT_578681/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD 578815/2023 Type of action(s): Application for provisional measures Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 6 October, 2023 Headnotes: Fear of an application for an ASI or/and AEI in the USA Read more Order Parties: AGFA NV v. Gucci Case number: UPC_CFI_278/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_ 576288 /2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Hamburg (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Extension of deadlines in the case of a plurality of de ... Keywords: Extension of deadlines according to Rule 19.1 RoP. Exte ... Read more Order Parties: President and Fellows of Harvard College v. NanoString Technologies Europe Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_252/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_573299/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Objections based on articles 29 and 30 Brussels Ibis Re ... Keywords: Rule 48, 19.1(a) RoP Preliminary objection. Jurisdictio ... Read more Order Parties: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited v. Tesla Manufacturing Brandenburg SE/Tesla Germany GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_54/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_577763/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Hamburg (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Anhörung zum Antrag auf Geheimhaltung und Zugangsbesch ... Keywords: Regel 262A. Geschäftsgeheimnisse. Vorläufige Anordnun ... Read more Order Parties: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v. Netgear Inc./Netgear Deutschland GmbH/Netgear International Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_9/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD 575878/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 3 October, 2023 Headnotes: 1) Gem. Regel 4.2 VerfO sind die Parteien gehalten, onl ... Keywords: Amtliche Formulare, Workflows, vertrauliche Information ... Read more Order Parties: Edwards Lifesciences Corporation v. Meril GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_15/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576853/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 29 September, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Nach Regel 4.1 Satz 2 VerfO sind die Parteien gehalt ... Keywords: amtliche Formulare, gesonderte Workflows, Zulässigkeit ... Read more Order Parties: Philips IP Ventures B.V. v. Edrich u.a. Case number: UPC_CFI_5/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576855/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: Zustellungszeitpunkt Keywords: Rule 275 Abs. 2 Read more Order Parties: Koninklijke Philips N.V. v. Edrich u.a. Case number: UPC_CFI_62/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576850/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: Zustellungszeitpunkt Read more Order Parties: Oerlikon textiles GmbH & Co KG v. Himson Engineering Private Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_240/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_569313/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Milan (IT) Local Division Language of Proceedings: Italian Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: la regola di cui all’art. 262.1. (ROP) richiede che l ... Keywords: Rule 262 1.(B) R.o.P. richiesta (rigettata): Soggetto n ... Read more Order Parties: PROGRESS MASCHINEN & AUTOMATION AG v. AWM S.R.L., SCHNELL S.P.A. Case number: UPC_CFI_286/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576298/2023 Type of action(s): Application for preserving evidence pursuant to RoP192 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Milan (IT) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 25 September, 2023 Keywords: preservation of evidence; inspect premises; o ... Read more Order Parties: N.V. Nutricia v. Nestlé Health Science (Deutschland) GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_201/2023 Registry number: APP_559862/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_575922/2023 Type of action(s): Application Rop 33 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Düsseldorf (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 22 September, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Pursuant to R. 33.1 and .2 RoP, any party to the pro ... Keywords: Technically qualiefied judge (TQJ), defendant, request, ... Read more Order Parties: *** v. OrthoApnea S.L. Case number: UPC_CFI_329/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_575902/2023 Type of action(s): Application for preserving evidence pursuant to RoP192 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Brussels (BE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: Dutch Date: 21 September, 2023 Headnotes: Order pursuant to R. 192 e.s. RoP to preserve evidence ... Keywords: Order pursuant to R. 192 e.s. RoP to preserve evidence Read more Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HEALIOS K.K, RIKEN, OSAKA UNIVERSITY Case number: UPC_CFI_75/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_552745/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 21 September, 2023 Headnotes: Rule 262.1(b) RoP requires a concrete and verifiable, l ... Keywords: Rule 262.1(b) RoP request (rejected). Legitimate reason ... Read more Order Parties: Amgen, Inc. v. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_1/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_550152/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 20 September, 2023 Headnotes: Rule 262.1(b) RoP requires a concrete and verifiable, l ... Keywords: Rule 262.1(b) RoP request (rejected). Legitimate reason ... Read more Order Parties: OCADO INNOVATION LIMITED v. AUTOSTORE AS Case number: UPC_CFI_11/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_459791/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Nordic Baltic Regional Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 8 September, 2023 Read more Order Parties: Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH v. Amgen, Inc. Case number: UPC_ CFI_14/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_566193/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 29 August, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Eine Klage kann gem. Regel 13 VerfO ohne Anlagen wir ... Keywords: Zustellungszeitpunkt; Fristberechnung; Fristverlängeru ... Read more Order Parties: Edwards Lifesciences Corporation v. Meril GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_249/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_567601/2023 Type of action(s): Application for provisional measures Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 28 August, 2023 Read more Pagination First page « First Previous page ‹‹ … Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Current page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Next page ›› Last page Last »
Order Parties: Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Sanofi-Aventis Groupe S.A., Sanofi Winthrop Industrie S.A., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Amgen, Inc. Case number: UPC_CoA_320/2023 Registry number: APL_572929/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_580110/2023 Type of action(s): Appeal RoP220.2 Court - Division: Court of Appeal - Luxembourg (LU) Language of Proceedings: German Date: 13 October, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Nach Regel 271 VerfO kann eine Klageschrift, auch we ... Keywords: Zustellung der Klageschrift ohne in Bezug genommene ode ... Read more
Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HELIOS K.K, RIKEN Case number: UPC_CFI_80/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_579545/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 11 October, 2023 Headnotes: Parties are under an obligation to use the CMS and the ... Keywords: Rule 4.1 RoP. Case Management System (CMS), service of ... Read more
Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HELIOS K.K, RIKEN, OSAKA UNIVERSITY Case number: UPC_CFI_75/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_579543/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 11 October, 2023 Headnotes: Parties are under an obligation to use the CMS and the ... Keywords: Rule 4.1 RoP. Case Management System (CMS), service of ... Read more
Order Parties: NanoString Technologies Inc. v. 10xGenomics, Inc. / President and Fellows of Harvard College Case number: UPC_CFI 357/2023 Registry number: ACT_578681/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD 578815/2023 Type of action(s): Application for provisional measures Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 6 October, 2023 Headnotes: Fear of an application for an ASI or/and AEI in the USA Read more
Order Parties: AGFA NV v. Gucci Case number: UPC_CFI_278/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_ 576288 /2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Hamburg (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Extension of deadlines in the case of a plurality of de ... Keywords: Extension of deadlines according to Rule 19.1 RoP. Exte ... Read more
Order Parties: President and Fellows of Harvard College v. NanoString Technologies Europe Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_252/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_573299/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Objections based on articles 29 and 30 Brussels Ibis Re ... Keywords: Rule 48, 19.1(a) RoP Preliminary objection. Jurisdictio ... Read more
Order Parties: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited v. Tesla Manufacturing Brandenburg SE/Tesla Germany GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_54/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_577763/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Hamburg (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 4 October, 2023 Headnotes: Anhörung zum Antrag auf Geheimhaltung und Zugangsbesch ... Keywords: Regel 262A. Geschäftsgeheimnisse. Vorläufige Anordnun ... Read more
Order Parties: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd v. Netgear Inc./Netgear Deutschland GmbH/Netgear International Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_9/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD 575878/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 3 October, 2023 Headnotes: 1) Gem. Regel 4.2 VerfO sind die Parteien gehalten, onl ... Keywords: Amtliche Formulare, Workflows, vertrauliche Information ... Read more
Order Parties: Edwards Lifesciences Corporation v. Meril GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_15/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576853/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 29 September, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Nach Regel 4.1 Satz 2 VerfO sind die Parteien gehalt ... Keywords: amtliche Formulare, gesonderte Workflows, Zulässigkeit ... Read more
Order Parties: Philips IP Ventures B.V. v. Edrich u.a. Case number: UPC_CFI_5/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576855/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: Zustellungszeitpunkt Keywords: Rule 275 Abs. 2 Read more
Order Parties: Koninklijke Philips N.V. v. Edrich u.a. Case number: UPC_CFI_62/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576850/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: Zustellungszeitpunkt Read more
Order Parties: Oerlikon textiles GmbH & Co KG v. Himson Engineering Private Limited Case number: UPC_CFI_240/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_569313/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Milan (IT) Local Division Language of Proceedings: Italian Date: 27 September, 2023 Headnotes: la regola di cui all’art. 262.1. (ROP) richiede che l ... Keywords: Rule 262 1.(B) R.o.P. richiesta (rigettata): Soggetto n ... Read more
Order Parties: PROGRESS MASCHINEN & AUTOMATION AG v. AWM S.R.L., SCHNELL S.P.A. Case number: UPC_CFI_286/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_576298/2023 Type of action(s): Application for preserving evidence pursuant to RoP192 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Milan (IT) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 25 September, 2023 Keywords: preservation of evidence; inspect premises; o ... Read more
Order Parties: N.V. Nutricia v. Nestlé Health Science (Deutschland) GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_201/2023 Registry number: APP_559862/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_575922/2023 Type of action(s): Application Rop 33 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Düsseldorf (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 22 September, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Pursuant to R. 33.1 and .2 RoP, any party to the pro ... Keywords: Technically qualiefied judge (TQJ), defendant, request, ... Read more
Order Parties: *** v. OrthoApnea S.L. Case number: UPC_CFI_329/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_575902/2023 Type of action(s): Application for preserving evidence pursuant to RoP192 Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Brussels (BE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: Dutch Date: 21 September, 2023 Headnotes: Order pursuant to R. 192 e.s. RoP to preserve evidence ... Keywords: Order pursuant to R. 192 e.s. RoP to preserve evidence Read more
Order Parties: ASTELLAS INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE v. HEALIOS K.K, RIKEN, OSAKA UNIVERSITY Case number: UPC_CFI_75/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_552745/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 21 September, 2023 Headnotes: Rule 262.1(b) RoP requires a concrete and verifiable, l ... Keywords: Rule 262.1(b) RoP request (rejected). Legitimate reason ... Read more
Order Parties: Amgen, Inc. v. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_1/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_550152/2023 Type of action(s): Revocation Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Central Division - Section Language of Proceedings: English Date: 20 September, 2023 Headnotes: Rule 262.1(b) RoP requires a concrete and verifiable, l ... Keywords: Rule 262.1(b) RoP request (rejected). Legitimate reason ... Read more
Order Parties: OCADO INNOVATION LIMITED v. AUTOSTORE AS Case number: UPC_CFI_11/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_459791/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Nordic Baltic Regional Division Language of Proceedings: English Date: 8 September, 2023 Read more
Order Parties: Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH v. Amgen, Inc. Case number: UPC_ CFI_14/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_566193/2023 Type of action(s): Infringement Action Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 29 August, 2023 Headnotes: 1. Eine Klage kann gem. Regel 13 VerfO ohne Anlagen wir ... Keywords: Zustellungszeitpunkt; Fristberechnung; Fristverlängeru ... Read more
Order Parties: Edwards Lifesciences Corporation v. Meril GmbH Case number: UPC_CFI_249/2023 Order/Decision reference: ORD_567601/2023 Type of action(s): Application for provisional measures Court - Division: Court of First Instance - Munich (DE) Local Division Language of Proceedings: German Date: 28 August, 2023 Read more